Late Antiquity, Catacomes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Late Antiquity, Catacomes - Research Paper Example In each sort of religion, it is pervasive that individuals give a lot of consideration to the tombs of their own religion. A few history specialists have given top to bottom consideration to the purpose for the attack and making of this sort of strict craftsmanship. Their decisions show the development of this idea to have ejected as a route set out by the strict networks to rehearse their religion all the more without any problem. For example, Christianity was considered as an illicit religion during the second and third century (Ricciardi 991). Thus, to rehearse their ceremonies, they shaped an uncommon spot to perform underground internments; as per their convention. Afterward, when their religion got lawful status during 313 AD, their entombment parades hereafter moved from the mausoleums into the open circle. Since sepulchers were another and a totally different idea from the normally existing entombment procedures of the current age, numerous antiquarians and archeologists have indicated significant levels enthusiasm for their experience and artifact. Jorg Scheid, one of the archeologists from the United States has placed a significant work in this field. Scheid pointed looking at the state of the dead bodies that were hundreds of years sooner covered underground (Yeomans 59). His point, be that as it may, couldn't be effectively conveyed forward, since his burrowing was enormously hampered because of the way that a large number of the potential signs and signs, that could have in any case have been useful to evaluate the bodies and use tombs for old examination, were pulverized in past flames, flooding, earth tremors or other catastrophic events (Delgado 321). However, he could pick up his significant discoveries and base his perceptions basically on the remaining parts of the fabrics that were utilized for covering the dead bodies. A few archeologists equitably considered and attempted to watch the conditions and explanations for the harm of the dead bo dies and their demolished shapes. They made sense of that the dead bodies in the tombs under the Capuchin Monastery zone were held under a temperature of 25 degree Celsius; alongside a seriously muggy condition that went practically over 80 percent over the ordinary rate. This temperature the executives was demonstrated to be absolutely unsatisfactory and not perfect for keeping up or saving dead bodies; which was the significant explanation of making sepulchers. The individuals of past hundreds of years accepted to keep up the dead collections of their strict saints to be seen and glorified by the coming ages. In any case, the capacity conditions demonstrated incapable for the manageability and dependable upkeep of the catacomb’s dead bodies. However, the archeologists have revealed that specific dead bodies are preferred protected over the others. They guarantee them to have unrivaled in the strict acts of their age, and subsequently, were treated by the than individuals wi th deference after death and they were kept and saved with more consideration. These alleged tomb legends are for the most part found with huge measure of tissues despite everything existing inside their bodies; still un-deteriorated. Other than the gallant qualities or strict prevalence that was accepted by the archeologists to have been the significant explanation

My last farewell Essay

My Last Farewell (Mi Ultimo Adios) Goodbye, dear mother country, clime the sun caress’d, Ring of the Orient oceans, our Eden lost! Happily now I go to give thee this blurred life’s best, What's more, were it more splendid, fresher, or increasingly fortunate, Still would I give three, not consider the consequences. On the field of fight, ‘mid the free for all of battle, Others have given their lives, without question or beed; The spot not mattersâ€cypress or tree or lily white, Scafold or open plain, battle or martyrdom’s predicament, ‘Tis ever the equivalent, to serve our home and country’s need. I kick the bucket exactly when I see the sunrise break Despite the fact that the agony of night, to proclaim the day; What's more, if shading is deficient with regards to my blood thy shalt take, Pour’d out at requirement for they dear purpose, To color with its dark red the waking beam. My fantasies, when life initially opened to me, My fantasies when the expectations of youth beat high, Were to see thy lov’d face, O jewel of the Orient ocean, From unhappiness and misery, from care and distress free; No become flushed on thy forehead, no tear in thine eyes. Dream of my life, my living and deep yearning, All hail! Emergency the spirit that is presently to take battle; All hail! Furthermore, sweet it is for thee to terminate; To kick the bucket for thy purpose, that thou may’st yearn; Furthermore, rest in thy bloom eternity’s difficult night. In the event that over my grave sometime thou seest develop, In the green grass, an unassuming blossom, Attract to thy lips and kiss my spirit along these lines, While I feel in my forehead exposed tomb underneath The extreme of thy delicacy, thy breath’s warm force. Let the moon bar over me delicate and quiet, Let the day break shed over me its brilliant flashes, Let the breeze miserable regret over me sharp; What's more, if on my cross a flying creature ought to be seen, Let it thrill there is song of harmony to my throbs. Let the sun attract vapos up to the sky, What's more, heavenward in immaculateness bear my late dissent; Let some benevolent soul o’er my inopportune destiny murmur, Also, in the as yet evening a petition be lifted on high From that point, O my nation, that in God I may rest. Appeal to God for every one of those that hapless have passed on, For all who have endured the unmeasr’d torment; For our moms that sharply their hardships have cried; For widows and vagrants, for hostages by torment attempted; And afterward for thyself that recovery thou mayst gain. Also, when the dull night folds the burial ground over, With just the dead in their vigil to see; Break not my rest of thy riddle significant, What's more, perchance thou mayst bear a dismal psalm resonate; ‘Tis I, O my nation, bringing up a tune unto thee. When even my elegance is recollected no more, Unmark’d by never a cross not a stone; Let the furrow move through it, the spade turn it o’er, That my remains may cover thy natural floor, Before into nothingness finally they are blown. At that point will blankness present to me no mind, As over thy ridges and fields I clear; Pulsating and rinsed in thy space and air, With shading and light, with melody and regret I toll, Ever rehashing the confidence I keep. My mother country ador’d, that trouble to my distress loans, Adored Filipino, hear now my last farewell! I give thee all; guardians and related companions; For I go where no slave before the oppressor twists, Where confidence can never slaughter, and God rules e’er on high! Goodbye to all, from my spirit torn away, Companions of my adolescence in the home seized! Express gratefulness that I rest from the wearisome day! Goodbye to thee, as well, sweet companion that helped my direction; Darling animals all, goodbye! In death there is rest!

The Moment I Chose Illinois

The Moment I Chose Illinois Tis the season for committing to the university of your dreams! In the next few weeks, those of you who have applied early to Illinois will hear back from the admissions committee about the status of your application. This is a cumulative moment of all the hard work you have put in during your four years of high school, and let me tell you, I experienced so many emotions during this time. I considered a few factors when choosing which school I’d attend, so read ahead and gain some insight on how to choose your next four years. Opportunities This is a broad term, but by opportunities, I mean the accessibility to different majors, minors, and fields of study, various organizations, and experiences outside the typical course rigor. Illinois offers all of this. From accountancy to urban studies and planning, UIUC offers so many majors to choose from. Check out the Illinois admissions website to research more on this. Additionally, Illinois has over 1,500 registered student organizations (RSOs) on campus, so it is not surprising to see most students involved in after-school organizations, events, and meetings. Courtesy of Daily Illini Location Illinois is in a unique location because it offers a small town/campus-town feeling, while also being accessible to the Chicago metropolitan area. I love the campus vibes, and my favorite thing is when the seasons change. The campus itself is so beautiful, it’s a sight to see! Courtesy of Daily Illini Academic Strength Illinois is known as the flagship institution in the state of Illinois, and this is mainly because of the strong academic rigor the university instills in each and every student. In my experience, I’ve had countless professors who have made a positive impact in my life and made me want to learn more about my profession and field of study. Strong faculty is important when considering a school because, ultimately, you are here to study and gain enriching knowledge, and having exceptional faculty guarantees that experience! These are the three main factors I considered when I chose Illinois. While these are just a few, weigh the pros and cons of each school that is being considered and find the best fit for you. Choosing Illinois four years ago was one of the best decisions I ever made, and I hope you all find UIUC, or whichever school you decide to attend, an inspiring experience like I did. Kripa Class of 2020 I'm majoring in Psychology, minoring in Spanish, and pursuing a pre-dental track. It seems like I’m all over the place, but that’s what I like about college! I get to choose to study what I’m interested in, and I’m happy to be doing just that at Illinois.

The Human Mind And Act Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth

Alycia Tiberio Choice is often taken for granted in today s society. People are given the opportunity to make a choice, but is this choice an act of free will, or simply an act of fate and manipulation? In the play Macbeth, Shakespeare suggests that choices are a creation of the human mind and act as a way for people to feel as though they have control when they are ultimately ruled by fate. He accomplishes this by leading the audience through a series of choices that several characters make and how they eventually meet their fate, specifically Macbeth himself. Although other characters make choices that aid Macbeth in his destiny, Macbeth s Shakespeare shows the audience that no amount of force will cause change fate. As the play progresses, the audience watches Macbeth as he desperately tries to stay in control of his life and keep his power. His desperation causes Macbeth to believe that the only way for him to stay in control is to take fate into his own hands. When Macbeth becomes king he is somewhat pleased that the weird sister’s prophecy was correct, but he also begins to worry that Banquo’s prophecy will also come true. â€Å"To make then kings, the seed of Banquo kings! Rather than so, come fate into the list, and champion me to th’ utterance, (3.1.69-71).† This quote shows that Macbeth refuses to allow this fated ending to occur. He challenges fate and decides that the only way he can be guaranteed that all of his efforts will not be for the sons of Banquo is toShow MoreRelatedEnglish Feature article on Shakespears Macbeth with reference to both play and Polanskis adaptation. Title: Windows changed through time.1199 Words   |  5 Pageschanged through time. A way to see the world through different eyes... In late 1606 or early 1607, The last of Shakespeare s four great tragedies was written. Macbeth has been said by many to be Shakespeare s darkest work, A Reflection through Shakespeare s mind giving us a window into Elizabethan ways of politics, Human violence and Human nature. Quiet relevantly Shakespeare would never have guessed that over 400 years later the basic morals and characteristics that were used to shapeRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1363 Words   |  6 PagesMacbeth is without a doubt one of the most captivating plays, in my opinion written by William Shakespeare. Throughout this play there is definitely a numerous amount of things that can catch your attention, whether it is a trio of witches appearing, committing murder, or keeping secrets. However, what really catches my attention is the way Shakespeare uses language and unique style to create a distinct mood, and reveal characters’ inner thoughts. In the play Macbeth written by William ShakespeareRead MoreMacbeth Themes899 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"What are the major themes in Macbeth† By Connor Maguire William Shakespeare’s Macbeth a play complete with many themes and viewpoints. The themes are exhibited by the main characters of the play, notably antagonist Macbeth. Themes seen in the play include ambition, where is is portrayed as both dangerous and unnatural. However, it does exist in both good and evil forms in the play. Another theme seen is whether Macbeths actions in the play are a result of fate, or free will. Although outsideRead MoreMacbeth Appearance Vs Reality1747 Words   |  7 Pageswriter, William Shakespeare may have an answer in his play, Macbeth. The way individuals follow-up (act) on the outside and who they truly are within might be two entirely unexpected things. Some may change since they feel they do not fit in while others put on a show to be someone they are not. Regardless of which way one looks at it, if an individual attempt to be someone he is not, his reality will eventually show up at last. This is precisely what occurs in William Shakespeare s play, Macbeth. ViaRead MoreWho Should You Trust?1543 Words   |  7 PagesTrust Issue in Macbeth â€Å"Fair is foul, and foul is fair. Hover through the fog and filthy air.† (Page 323). This line is one of the most important ones from Macbeth. Macbeth is one the most popular plays by William Shakespeare. Moss and Wilson state, â€Å"Some details of William Shakespeare s life are still shrouded in uncertainty. What is known is that he rose to prominence as a playwright in London toward the end of the sixteenth century and that he died on April 23, 1616. He wrote Macbeth sometime betweenRead MoreAmbition and Death - the Story of the Renaissance in Macbeth1189 Words   |  5 PagesRenaissance in Macbeth In the tragic drama Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare in 1606 during the English Renaissance, the hero, Macbeth, constantly declines in his level of morality until his death at the end of the play. Because of his change of character from good to evil, Macbeth s attitude towards other characters, specifically Duncan, Banquo, Lady Macbeth, and the witches, is significantly affected. In a larger sense, the theme of bad versus good kingship, embodied by Macbeth and DuncanRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth, Othello, And King Lear1479 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth, was the last of four great tragedies, including Hamlet, Othello, and King Lear, written during the Elizabethan Era. Herbert Courson states the play as, â€Å" â€Å"a powerful even for the mature Shakespeare. [which]... demands that we share its experience intensely, that we fell the strength of Macbeth’s thirst for kingship, the force of Lady Macbeth’s persuasions, the anguish of Macbeth’s struggle before the murder, and the impact of nature’s retribution after the murder†Read MoreEssay on Images, Imagery, Symbols, and Symbolism in Macbeth1723 Words   |  7 Pagesand Symbolism in Macbeth  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   With its eye-opening plot and interesting cast of characters, William Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth is one of the greatest works one could ever read. But, above all, the aspect of the play is most impressive and overwhelming with imagery and symbolism that Shakespeare so brilliantly uses. Throughout the play, the author depicts various types of imagery and symbolism instances that, eventually, lead to the downfall of the main character, Macbeth.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read MoreEssay on The Pent-up Guilt in Macbeth1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe Pent-up Guilt in Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚   There is hardly any emotion in William Shakespeares tragedy Macbeth that outweighs that of guilt. Both Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are seriously compromised by the impact of this emotion.    Clark and Wright in their Introduction to The Complete Works of William Shakespeare explain how guilt impacts Lady Macbeth:    Having sustained her weaker husband, her own strength gives way; and in sleep, when her will cannot control her thoughts, she is piteouslyRead MoreBlood Imagery in Macbeth857 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare is legendary for his uses of symbolism. No other example is as evident as the bloody hands of Macbeth and his obsession with them. Macbeth has killed King Duncan and doesn’t stop there, he kills the guards making Duncan’s sons flee. This gives Macbeth the throne. However he becomes overwhelmed with the guilt. Shakespeare uses blood to show how it reminds Macbeth of the violent acts he has committed and how he has become obsessed with the blood on his hands. Initially the blood represents

The Issue Of Human Trafficking - 2654 Words

According to the UNDOC, human trafficking is the acquisition of people by illegal means such as force, fraud, deception, abduction or coercion for the purpose of exploiting them. This vice is one of the main international policy concerns of the 21st century that is spreading at an alarming rate. Often, human trafficking is confused with human migration and smuggling even though the three terms are completely different. Unlike human trafficking, human migration and smuggling involves migration/transportation of peoplewith their consent, and the main agenda for theirtransportation/migration is not based on exploitation. This research paper will explore the issue of human trafficking, look at its causes, effects, how it can be prevented and†¦show more content†¦These are scary figures, especially considering the fact that the figures do not account for the number of persons trafficked within their own countries. Majority of the human trafficking victims are duped into the vice by the false promises made regarding to job opportunities. This is very common especially in the developing countries or the so-called third world countries, where the level of poverty is extremely high. Sources indicate that a significant number of women who are trafficked from these countries are lured into this trade using false marriage as the bait. In the developed countries such as USA, most of the human trafficking cases are related to sexual purposes. According to a study that was conducted on this topic in the country, more than 40% of all the human trafficking investigations in the USA are related to sexual trafficking of a child and roughly 80% of such cases involve United States citizens. It is estimated that more than 17,500 persons are trafficked into the USA from foreign countries and the number of US citizens trafficked in the country is even higher. Statistics from the US state department indicates that women and girls are the main victims of human trafficking beca use they account for about 80% of all trafficking.This confirms that human trafficking is not just a problem in the developing countries, but also to the

The Marvels of Intellect and Creativity Free Essays

Several ideas and images sprang to our mind when the name Leonardo da Vinci is mentioned. Most people associate it with famous artworks such as Mona Lisa and The Last Supper while some equate the name to the scholastic concept of the Renaissance man. Numerous accounts demonstrated Leonardo’s contribution in the field of arts and sciences, thus his name become an archetype of a genius. We will write a custom essay sample on The Marvels of Intellect and Creativity or any similar topic only for you Order Now He fascinated the world with his advanced ideas and creative imaginations; moreover, he provided his successors with knowledge and guidelines through his discoveries and achievements. Through his intellect and creativity, Leonardo da Vinci portrayed a significant role in the evolution of modern civilizations. Leonardo da Vinci was born at the dawn of the Renaissance period. The 14th to 16th century was an interesting borderline of the Dark Ages and the Enlightenment Period that inspired Leonardo’s curiosity and observation. The Italian society in his youth was characterized by people with enthusiastic interest in learning and humanism. The concept of humanism during the Renaissance was described by Alfred Burns as â€Å"the growing self-awareness expressed in new styles in art and architecture and in the search for the vanishing intellectual treasures of an idealized classical age† (197). The promotion of humanism and self-awareness brought questions and disagreement in various aspects of society. On the other hand, the pursuance for art and architecture was supported and financed by art patrons, thus ingenious artists were recognized during the Italian Renaissance. One of the recognized advocates of art during the Italian Renaissance was Lorenzo de Medici, who became famous for making Florence a â€Å"community of pleasure† (Taylor 25). Leonardo’s interest in the arts was favored by his time for he was given the opportunity to work with the greatest artists of his era. He worked as an apprentice for Verrocchio and later on he was admitted to be a part of the Guild of Painters (Brown and Rankin 212). His early artworks were commissioned by patrons belonging to religious groups; therefore, it basically consisted of religious icons and commemorative art pieces. The early part of Leonardo’s professional life was spent in Milan, where he worked in the court of Ludovico, duke of Milan. There, he gained extensive experiences and technical skills in designing for the court’s lavish events and occasions. Rachel Taylor used to describe that â€Å"when the wave of Renaissance was crescent in Italy, the powers were five – Florence, Naples, Venice, Rome and Milan – all jealous and splendid† (99). Therefore the city’s excellence also marked Leonardo’s preeminence. During his stay in the court of the duke, he documented his learning and experiences in the field of architecture and engineering by compiling writings and detailed drawings of his designs and ideas. The so-called compilations, which are also referred to as the notebooks and manuscripts, reflected his inquisitive attitude towards the governing principles of matter and knowledge. Aside from Leonardo’s court duties, two of his significant art pieces, the Horse and the Last Supper, were also completed during his stay in the court of Milan. At the fall of the Duke’s power over Milan, Leonardo found his way back to Florence. Not long after this, he worked for Cesare Borgia, a political figure in Italy, as a military architect and engineer (Brown and Rankin 212). Taylor suggested in her book that Cesare’s policies implicated death and violence (350), thus Leonardo considered his return to Florence to work for other patrons. Upon his arrival, he was commissioned to paint the Battle of Anghiari and later on he started working on the famous Mona Lisa. Subsequently, he again visited Milan to work for the French king and according to Brown and Rankin, it was â€Å"a period when he influenced Milanese painting even more than during his early residence there† (212). He moved to Rome and stayed in the Vatican to work for the Pope and later on, he spent his time traveling to various places in Italy. He settled in France, where he spent his last days â€Å"attended by loving friends and at peace, in his chateau of Cloux, near Amboise† (Brown and Rankin 212). The grandeur of Leonardo’s time witnessed the complex transition of the Western civilization. The notion of enlightenment favored and nurtured the formation of Leonardo’s genius, and in return, he endorsed the acknowledgement for man’s potential and power of reason. Various fields of knowledge that benefited from his achievements would include the realms of art, engineering, architecture, mathematics, physics, optics, human anatomy, ornithology and aerodynamics. The Renaissance and its distinguished figures changed and influenced the culture that was formed and influenced by the ancient Greeks and Romans. The society’s classic approach of simply approving or rejecting developing doctrines and customs evolved into a modernistic method that involved analysis and critical thinking. The Enlightenment Period, together with the fame of Humanism, paved the way to scientific revolution. The intellectual reformation is considered as one of the significant events in our history for it influenced and provoked the â€Å"general mind to be more and more preoccupied with the larger problems beyond, which the new knowledge has brought fully into view† (Kidd 1). The transformation was a progressive step to a higher form of learning that encompassed the political, social, economic and religious principles of Western civilization. The propagation of self awareness and modern thinking brought positive and negative changes in the economic and social aspects of the Western civilization. The recognition of artists and notable scholars, as depicted by the fame of Leonardo da Vinci, influenced the flow of trade and commerce. In European countries like Italy, cities such as Florence, Milan and Naples flourished. On the other hand, the method of tax collection was implemented to supervise the increase in trade goods. Movements that aimed for learning and education produced interesting theories and assumptions that motivated man’s quest for truth and expansion of his horizons. The Age of Enlightenment recognized critical thinkers who became famous for contemplating and debating about avant-garde ideas (Hudson 21). Scholars and critical thinkers guided and initiated modern discoveries, inventions and innovations that improved the economy of the Western world. Moreover, political and religious controversies also emerged at the advent of scientific and critical thinking. In Europe, several ranks of power emerged in the form of monarchs, spiritual leaders, merchants and tradesmen, scholars and artisans. The period of enlightenment and the succeeding years depicted a sweeping portrayal of political and religious reformation. The concept of religion was separated from politics because of the humanist principle, which differentiate the distinct boundary between human and divine control. Humanist beliefs and principles intensified but were not universally accepted; therefore it was attacked by counter-arguments that justify the role of idealistic and religious attitudes towards politics. These contrasting views and beliefs about politics and its religious connections were highlighted in the works and theories of several Renaissance philosophers. The Age of Enlightenment introduced several Renaissance Men, who individually imparted significant marvels of intellect and creativity. And as stated by William Hudson, it was as if â€Å"their lives opened itself out to them in all its vast and varied possibilities and they were eager to enter into their great heritage† (7). There are several names from the Renaissance Age that surfaced in the course of evolution and transition of the Western civilization, but the fame of Leonardo da Vinci soared higher than the other for he exhibited exceptional qualities and eccentric fancies. The interesting and unique fusion of excellence in two exclusive areas of knowledge – the arts and sciences, was depicted by his accomplishments as a rational scientist and mystical artist. Leonardo’s paintings and art contributions were highly popular but it is interesting to note that â€Å"there only remain six of his authentic paintings, and two of them were unfinished† (qtd. in Brown and Rankin 211). His study of perspective, examination of proportion and analysis of light and shade were fundamentals of innovative and modern arts. Sketches and details of his fascinating interests were accounted in several of his notebooks entrusted at various European libraries and museums. Some of his notes reflected the complex and controversial topic of dissection, which enlightened basic issues concerning human anatomy. He declared various assertions in human proportion, one of these was his citation that â€Å"the span of a man’s outstretched arms is also equal to his height† (qtd in MacCurdy 217). He delved into unacceptable domains of his time by studying human cadavers in order to understand the unknown; moreover, his philosophy and skepticism reflected the rise of scientific thinking from the unexplained. Scientific observations of his surroundings were recorded together with his theoretical assertions and it anchored the essentials for the study of Botany and Geology. His technical experiences in the field of engineering and physics, together with the application of scientific principles contributed to the development of Western technology. Some of these contributions included his experiences in building war engines, works specializing with hydraulics, and discoveries of possible energy sources. He also provided avant-garde theories in mathematics that foretell the discoveries of modern researchers (Brown and Rankin 211). Leonardo portrayed in his manuscripts an intense fervor for aviation, which was primarily influenced by apparent observation of birds. He documented several notes containing his interest with flight and he called it the â€Å"Treatise on Birds† (qtd. in MacCurdy 211), which he divided into four parts. He continued on studying birds consequently influencing the birth of Ornithology; and at the same time, he persisted on propagating ideas about the flying machine thus providing rough beginnings for Aerodynamics. The quest for knowledge in a creative approach delineates Leonardo da Vinci in a civilization situated between the borderline of savagery and enlightenment. His accomplishments in understanding and in attempting to understand the unknown through scientific approach enhanced the basic political and cultural principles influencing a society. His triumph was earned through the synthesis of intellect and creativity, which encompassed the multiplicity of human civilization. Works Cited Brown, Alice V., and William Rankin. A Short History of Italian Painting. London: J.M.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dent Sons, 1914. Burns, Alfred. The Power of the Written Word: The Role of Literacy in the History of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Western Civilization. New York: Peter Lang, 1989. Hudson, William H. The Story of Renaissance. London: Casell, 1912. Kidd, Benjamin. The Principles of Western Civilization. New York: Macmillan Company,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1902. MacCurdy, Edward. The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci (Volume 1). New York:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reynal Hitchcock, 1938. Taylor, Rachel A. Leonardo the Florentine: A Study in Personality. London: Richards   Ã‚  Ã‚   Press, 1927.                                                                   How to cite The Marvels of Intellect and Creativity, Essay examples

Benefits and Challenges of Cloud Services

Question: Discuss about the Benefits and Challenges of Cloud Services. Answer: Introduction Cloud computing plays a great role in providing various advantages over the Smartphone applications and other technical advancements within the growing market place. This report is elaborating various benefits of cloud computing in this sector. Cloud Computing for Smartphone-like devices apps development and growing in the marketplace Benefits of cloud computing over Smartphone applications Cloud computing provides various benefits to the field of mobile applications of the Smartphone (Chandramouli, Iorga Chokhani, 2014). These applications make the operations and system functionalities easier with respect to the technical advancements as well as with respect to the user demands. Some of these advantages are elaborated in this report. These are explained as follows: Sharing of information: Previously the users needed improvised system architecture that is the hardware and software for sharing data and important information with the help of their mobile devices (El Amraoui Sethom, 2016). In contrast with this fact, in the contemporary times, the users dont need the complex architecture such as complex hardware and software for transferring their data and information. In spite of this, the cloud based smart phone applications made the system made these transfers easy and effective accordingly the contemporary scenario. Enhanced features and functionalities: New cloud applications are easy to operate the within the smart phones in order to maintain the effectiveness of the operations at present situation. In addition to this, enhanced features and functionalities of system provide more effectiveness to the users with respect to their demands and needs in the contemporary timing (Garg, Versteeg Buyya, 2013). The technical feasibility and effective functional options provided through the cloud computing applications in the smart phones enhances the speed of operations as well as this ensures about the accuracy of the results collected from the cloud computing applications. Ease of access: Cloud provide various kinds of access to the users as this provides private, public and protected services to the users. All of these access patterns are easy to be operated by the users (Kovatsch, Lanter Shelby, 2014). This accessing the process is not dependent on the place, time and other aspects related to the users applications. In addition to this, mostly the organization uses the private and protected features. Some cloud hosts provide the public access to their data in order to maintain its features. Broader reach of the users: Cloud features can be used globally that defines the effectiveness of the system architecture of the cloud computing approaches (Park Kim, 2014). In addition to this, there is various other technical feasibility analysis that ensures about the effectiveness of the cloud computing over smart phone applications. Cost effectiveness of the system architecture as well as the vendors: Now a days the cloud vendors are easily available and any organization or institute can utilize the cloud services within selective cost structure within their premises (Rodrguez-Garca et al., 2014). Challenges and benefits of SaaS Greentek is one application development organization that mainly deals with medical research and development aspects. In contrast with this fact, the organization wants to migrate their system architecture to the PaaS system of cloud system (Sunyaev Schneider, 2013). In contrast with this fact, there are various challenges as well as various benefits involved in this migration process. These challenges and benefits are elaborated in this part of the report. These are given as follows: Benefits of PaaS Quick Development and Testing: Greentek can easily cope up with the different configurations and developmental features of the system architecture. In addition to this, the deployment and development team of Greentek can easily operate multiple machines at different locations as per their demands (Willcocks Lacity, 2016). In contrast with this fact the testing and other important development features can be tested with the help of PaaS application within the organization. Dynamic allocation: In accordance with the competitive market places, IT departments need the flexibility and operational excellence for implementing new application within the organization (Zhang, Cherkasova Loo, 2015). Dynamic allocation provides effective testing opportunities and market analysis with the help of cloud application support. Increased focus for business and international entrepreneurship: The organizational heads are responsible for the effective decision makings and other important aspect involved within the system architecture of the Greentek. This aspect allows the organizational heads in solving various issues that helps them to focus on the international requirements of business (Zheng et al., 2013). Challenges of PaaS In contrast with various kinds of benefits of PaaS applications, there are various challenges that are included within the Greentek. These challenges are elaborated as follows: Data security: Like other cloud computing applications, PaaS also involves various technical and data security related issues within the system architecture of Greentek. This aspect reduces the technical feasibility of the system architecture (Chandramouli, Iorga Chokhani, 2014). The third party hosts involves various malicious codes and effective threats within the system architecture of the organization. Limited Flexibility: The PaaS solution cannot match with the IaaS applications or solutions within the organizational structures (El Amraoui Sethom, 2016). The product of PaaS does not match in compatibility with the SaaS products. This aspect also reduces the effectiveness of the system architecture in PaaS applications in Greentek. Customer Captivity: The customer captivity with the help of limited number of PaaS vendors is not enough to serve them better way (Garg, Versteeg Buyya, 2013). This aspect also reduces the effectiveness of the system offerings of the PaaS. Problems of integration: There is various integration issues involved within the system architecture of the PaaS applications. This application can trigger the increase of complexity of the system. Challenges of the SaaS within Greentek Greentek wants to implement the SaaS application in order to improvise their system architecture. In contrast with these facts, there are various challenges of SaaS applications and these are explained as follows: Security and privacy challenges: SaaS is nothing but the application of clod base and it involves various security and privacy threats within the system architecture within the technical domain of Greentek. This aspect is considered as one of the most effective challenges of Greentek. Hybrid IT infrastructure: SaaS is one of the most complex hybrid architecture that offers various complexities within the system architecture of Greentek. Once the organization combines its existing system architecture with the cloud applications then it becomes more complex than the previous one (Kovatsch, Lanter Shelby, 2014). Complex architecture: Complex architecture is another disadvantage of the SaaS applications involved within the system architecture of the Greentek. In addition to this, the complex architecture involved within SaaS cloud set up makes the operations tough to be managed (Park Kim, 2014). Lack of skills among employees: Most of the time, the employee does not have proper skills and effective knowledge about the system architecture of Greentek (Rodrguez-Garca et al., 2014). This aspect reduces the chances of managing the complex system architecture of Greentek. Access challenges: In contrast with various disadvantages of the SaaS, access challenge is another disadvantage of SaaS applications. Whenever any organization or system heads are using the tools of SaaS, access control becomes a difficult challenge for them (Sunyaev Schneider, 2013). Any traditional software offers various monitoring setting to the users in order access the information and data within the cloud. In contrast with this fact, the SaaS applications does not provide this controlling measures to the users in order to maintain the system architecture and various other functions. Time constraint: Time constraint is another technical disadvantage of the SaaS applications within the system architecture (Willcocks, Lacity, 2016). As the complexity of the system architecture is increased due to the SaaS implementation process, time constraint makes the system architecture more inefficient in Greentek. Faulty integration: Faulty integration is another disadvantage of the SaaS application within Greentek. In addition to this, the accounting and sales data are not synced with the system architecture of SaaS application (Zhang, Cherkasova Loo, 2015). This is known as the faulty integration of the SaaS application within any organization. Uploading of files and other aspects that are important to be connected may create issues during the transfer of files and data. Conclusion This report is elaborating all the benefits of the cloud computing in the field of Smartphone applications in the present era. This assignment is considering Greentek, one application development organization that wants to implement SaaS within their organization. In contrast with this fact, various benefits and challenges are being elaborated in this assignment. References Chandramouli, R., Iorga, M., Chokhani, S. (2014). Cryptographic key management issues and challenges in cloud services. InSecure Cloud Computing(pp. 1-30). Springer New York. El Amraoui, A., Sethom, K. (2016, March). Cloudlet Softwarization for Pervasive Healthcare. InAdvanced Information Networking and Applications Workshops (WAINA), 2016 30th International Conference on(pp. 628-632). IEEE. Garg, S. K., Versteeg, S., Buyya, R. (2013). A framework for ranking of cloud computing services.Future Generation Computer Systems,29(4), 1012-1023. Kovatsch, M., Lanter, M., Shelby, Z. (2014, October). 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